Fails the Bechdel test

Sleepers

1996. Directed by Barry Levinson, written by Lorenzo Carcaterra and Barry Levinson.

The Bechdel test

Bechdel score

1 / 3

Fails

  1. Yes 1. At least two women
    7 women characters. 4 of them speak.
  2. No 2. Who talk to each other
    Our parser found no scene where two women talk to each other.
  3. No 3. About something besides a man
    Not reached: the film fails an earlier rule.

Second opinion

Agree bechdeltest.com readers give it 1 out of 3.

Poster for Sleepers

The film

As children, Lorenzo Carcaterra - Shakes to his friends - Michael Sullivan, Tommy Marcano, and John Reilly were inseparable. They grew up in Hell's Kitchen, a far from perfect neighborhood, one filled as Shakes says with scams and shake downs, but one where the rules were known and easily understood by its residents. The one adult who they admired was Father Bobby Carelli, who understood them as kids more than most adults and more than he himself would like to admit. In 1967, their lives would change forever when a typical teenage prank went wrong which led to the four of them being sentenced to various terms at Wilkinson Home for Boys, a reformatory. There, they were physically, emotionally and sexually abused primarily by Sean Nokes, the predatory lead guard of their cell block, and fellow guards Ralph Ferguson, Henry Addison, and Adam Styler, although there were other decent figures of authority at the home, including a few other guards. Their time at the home affected the four, not all who were able to emerge from the experience to regroup their lives. In their want to forget about the experience, they made a vow not to talk about it either between themselves or with others. Fast forward thirteen years, with Tommy and Johnny being career criminals, Michael an assistant district attorney and Shakes a newspaper writer, their friendship on the surface more loose than it was when they were children. When Tommy and John unexpectedly spot Nokes at a local restaurant, it leads to Shakes and Michael banding together to exact revenge not only on Nokes but all four of the guards who abused them. Michael had long mapped out a plan even before Tommy and John saw Nokes, but that sighting and its aftermath alters the plan. Beyond the precarious position Tommy and John place themselves into, Michael has the most to lose even if the plan succeeds. Most of the plan implementation is left to Shakes who has to enlist the machine of Hell's Kitchen, including mob boss King Benny, and their childhood friend, social worker Carol Martinez, who currently is John's girlfriend. Beyond co-opting aging lawyer Danny Snyder, who admits he may not be the best choice as an alcoholic who is no longer near the top of his game, the plan is threatened by a key piece, the need for an unreproachable figure to perjure lie him or herself, that person who Michael and Shakes hopes will be Father Bobby. Father Bobby, even if he knew of the abuse, may not be able to do his friends this enormous favor of an illegal nature, he who has to balance the morality of the situation in his own mind in deciding what to do.

Released
18 Oct 1996
Genres
Crime, Drama, Thriller
Rated
R
IMDb
7.5 / 10
Metascore
49 / 100
Awards
Nominated for 1 Oscar. 1 win & 5 nominations total
Elsewhere
View on IMDb

Starring, by lines spoken

  • Women
  • Men
  • Not in the cast list
  • Bigger name, more lines
  1. Shakes 307 lines, man
  2. Michael 206 lines, man
  3. Lorenzo'S Narration 132 lines, man
  4. Father Bobby 131 lines, man
  5. Snyder 109 lines, man
  6. John 71 lines, man
  7. Nokes 65 lines, man
  8. King Benny 61 lines, man
  9. Ferguson 57 lines, man
  10. Carol 54 lines, woman
Full cast, 71 people
  • Kevin Bacon as Nokes
  • Robert De Niro as Father Bobby
  • Dustin Hoffman as Danny Snyder
  • Bruno Kirby as Shakes' Father
  • Jason Patric as Shakes
  • Brad Pitt as Michael
  • Minnie Driver as Carol
  • Brad Renfro as Young Michael
  • Ron Eldard as John
  • Billy Crudup as Tommy
  • Vittorio Gassman as King Benny
  • Terry Kinney as Ralph
  • Frank Medrano as Fat Mancho
  • Jonathan Tucker as Young Tommy
  • Geoffrey Wigdor as Young John
  • Joe Perrino as Young Shakes
  • Peter Appel as Boyfriend
  • Joseph Attanasio as Male Juror
  • Gerry Becker as Forensics Expert
  • Casandra Brooks as Young John's Mother
  • William K. Butler as Juanito
  • Eugene Byrd as Rizzo
  • Rose Caiola as Juror
  • Pasquale Cajano as Superintendent
  • Robert W. Castle as Priest
  • John Di Benedetto as Tony
  • Jeffrey Donovan as Addison
  • Drew Eliot as Businessman #1
  • Reuben Larry Elliott as Businessman #2
  • George Georgiadis as Hot Dog Vendor
  • Marco Greco as Waiter
  • Saverio Guerra as Man #1
  • Don Hewitt Sr. as James Caldwell
  • Ben Hammer as Judge Weisman
  • Paul Herman as Court Bailiff
  • Frank Inzerillo as Hanging Man
  • Lennie Loftin as Styler
  • Chuck Low as Dance Judge
  • Peter Mahoney as Priest #2
  • Ruth Maleczech as Woman at Subway Station
  • Juan Maria Jr. as Davy
  • Danny Mastrogiorgio as Nick Davenport
  • Mary B. McCann as Sister Carolyn
  • Pat McNamara as Guard
  • Peter McRobbie as Lawyer
  • Conrad Meertins Jr. as Inmate #2
  • Gina Menza as Jury Forewoman
  • Dash Mihok as K.C.
  • Michael P. Moran as Judge #1
  • Rocco Musacchia as Salvatore
  • Mick O'Rourke as Man in Tub
  • Carmine Parisi as King Benny's Boy
  • James Pickens Jr. as Marlboro
  • Wendell Pierce as Little Caesar
  • Salvatore Paul Piro as Mimi
  • Monica Polito as Young Carol
  • Angela Rago as Shakes' Mother
  • Sean Patrick Reilly as Young King Benny
  • Peter Rini as Frank Magciccio
  • Larry Romano as Man #2
  • Gayle Scott as Confessional Woman
  • Tom Signorelli as Confessional Man
  • Henry Stram as Prison Doctor
  • Ralph Tabakin as Warden
  • Mary Testa as Nun
  • Jenique Torres as Davy's Sister
  • Patrick Tull as Jerry the Bartender
  • Aida Turturro as Mrs. Salinas
  • Joe Urla as Carson
  • John Slattery as Carlson (uncredited)
  • James Rosin as Neighbourhood Man (uncredited)

Who talks, scene by scene

Lines of dialogue in every 3 scenes, start to finish. Women above the line, men below. 2% of lines come from characters we couldn't match to the cast list and aren't shown.

Women

Men

Scene 1 Scene 144

Hover, tap or tab to a bar to see those scenes: where they happen and who's talking.

Show the numbers
ScenesWomen's linesMen's lines
1 to 3012
4 to 602
7 to 906
10 to 12028
13 to 15627
16 to 18225
19 to 21029
22 to 2407
25 to 27046
28 to 30053
31 to 33462
34 to 36028
37 to 39015
40 to 42012
43 to 4513
46 to 48023
49 to 51019
52 to 54015
55 to 57015
58 to 60016
61 to 63043
64 to 6609
67 to 69053
70 to 720101
73 to 75115
76 to 78027
79 to 81049
82 to 84013
85 to 87033
88 to 90037
91 to 93019
94 to 96017
97 to 9903
100 to 1022325
103 to 10503
106 to 108031
109 to 11104
112 to 11428
115 to 11754101
118 to 120047
121 to 1231112
124 to 1260171
127 to 129230
130 to 1320113
133 to 135019
136 to 1381038
139 to 14104
142 to 14406

The evidence

  • Straight from the script
  • Counted from the script and the credits

Tap an exhibit to open it.

Exhibit A: every 100 lines

Out of every 100 lines with a known speaker, 7 are women's.

116 lines from women, 1474 from men.

  • Women
  • Men

Exhibit B: who's in it

7 women and 50 men in the cast. 4 women and 53 men from it get lines.

Characters

With lines

  • Women
  • Men

Exhibit C: who gets heard

The first woman speaks at line 50 of 1,627. The longest stretch with no woman speaking runs 317 lines.

Every line of dialogue, first to last

  • First line by a woman
  • Longest stretch with no woman speaking

Words spoken

Women speak 6% of the words (1,149), men 94% (18,670). Women have 7% of the lines, so their lines run shorter than men's.

Exhibit D: the test the other way

Two named men talk to each other about something besides a woman. It passes the reverse test.

Conversations between two named characters

Exhibit E: behind the camera

2 of the 11 people in these jobs are women. Across the whole crew, 13% of the people whose gender is listed are women.

Directed by
Barry Levinson (man)
Written by
Barry Levinson (man)
From the novel by
Lorenzo Carcaterra (man)
Produced by
Steve Golin (man), Barry Levinson (man)
Shot by
Michael Ballhaus (man)
Edited by
Stu Linder (man)
Music by
John Williams (man)
Production design by
Kristi Zea (woman)
Costumes by
Gloria Gresham (woman)
Cast by
Louis DiGiaimo (man)

The crew, department by department

  • Other crew

    0 women, 8 men, 4 not listed

  • Production

    0 women, 7 men

  • Sound

    1 women, 5 men

  • Art

    2 women, 1 men

  • Directing

    0 women, 3 men

  • Writing

    0 women, 2 men

  • Camera

    0 women, 1 men

  • Costume & Make-Up

    1 women, 0 men

  • Women
  • Men
  • Gender not listed on TMDB

Exhibit F: how old the stars were

Women: 26 on average. Men: 37 on average. The top-billed cast, at the film's release.

Women

Minnie Driver 26

Men

Brad Renfro 14, Billy Crudup 28, Jason Patric 30, Ron Eldard 31, Brad Pitt 32, Kevin Bacon 38, Bruno Kirby 47, Robert De Niro 53, Dustin Hoffman 59

Exhibit G: the money

It made 3.8 times what it cost.

Budget
$44 million
Box office
$166 million

From TMDB, not adjusted for inflation.

About this analysis

Our parser read the script: 144 scenes and 1,627 lines of dialogue. The bechdeltest.com rating comes from that site’s readers. How the test works

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